JAMMU AND KASHMIR -its History and Geography

by - Tuesday, November 07, 2017



Jammu and Kashmir is a northern state of India which share its international border with China, Pakistan and Afghanistan and state border with Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. Majority of population in J&K is Muslim there after Hindu and form ancient times Jammu is Hindu region whereas Kashmir is Muslim majority state and there is some portion of denizens is Buddhist. Buddhist population lives in leh and ladakh region. This state was ruled by Maharaja Hari Singh before the independence. It is one of Indian state which has most picturesque landscape. Kashmir is also known as paradise on the earth, mostly this state located in Himalayas and there many tourist places in this beautiful state.
Jammu and Kashmir tourism


HISTORY OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR


History of Kashmir is one of the oldest history in the world. Many scholars tells different tales of the history and it’s name origin but all ominously believe that Kashmir emerged when saint kashyapa drained the water from the lake satisar by cutting the hills of Baramulla. Kashmir was known for serving as seat of learning Hinduism before the influence of Buddhism and Islam.  Islam dominate this place in the early 13th century when trade with central Asia was at its peak and trader visited this place. Many saints were come at that time and started preaching Islam. Shah Mirza was the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir and Afghan rulers were the last Muslim ruler of Kashmir.
The history of Kashmir become more interesting from 1820 onwards when Sikh overpowered the afghan rule and everything going fine till 1845 when first Sikh war was broke out and two treaties of Lahore and Amritsar were signed. Maharaja of Jammu Dogra ruler Gulab Singh was made the ruler of Kashmir and Maharaja Hari Singh was the last ruler of Jammu and Kashmir he laid the foundation of modern Jammu and Kashmir State. After the partition of India and Pakistan the state of J&K was given the choice to merge with either Pakistan or India but after the few month of dilemma, Maharaja Hari Singh Hindu ruler of Muslim majority state of J&K signed the instrument of Accession to Indian Union in October 1947.
hari singh of jammu history


GEOGRAPHY OF THE JAMMU AND KASHMIR


There are three major regions of Jammu and Kashmir first Jammu second one is Kashmir and last one is Ladakh. The Jammu and Kashmir is divided into14 districts. Kashmir valley is covered by the forests, lakes, mountains and waterways & stepped fields whereas Jammu region consist of plains, mountains coming on Ladakh region it is cold desert. This region is deprived of rains as this region fall in rain shed area and there are some famous Buddhist monastery are there.
There are several low laying basin in the state like Kashmir valley, Poonch valley, Sind valley and Chenab valley but out of all Kashmir valley is most notable one it spread in the 100 km area and 15230 sq. km in area. The average height of the valley is 1700 meter and river Jhelum and its tributaries were flown in this valley.

CLIMATE OF THE STATE

Climate vary in the Jammu and Kashmir due to its irregular topography. In the southern region i.e. Jammu the weather is monsoonal type and average to moderate rain fall in the monsoon season. During the summer time temperature of the Jammu is blistering hot and can reach up to 40 degree Celsius and it is designated as winter capital of the state on the other hand weather in the Kashmir is pleasant during summer but in winter it is semi arctic. All the rivers and lakes are frozen in the winter.   

winter in jammu and kashmir

PLACES TO VISIT IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR


Vaishno Devi Temple
Vaishno Devi temple is famous temple of Hindu goddess. It is situated in the katra which is 48 km from Jammu city. It is well connected by rail and road and nearest airport is Jammu. Temple is situated in the Trikuta Mountain which is accessible by trek of 14 km but one can go up to sanjichhat by helicopter.
Vaishnodevi temple jammu

Leh/ladakh
Leh and ladakh is cold desert of Jammu and Kashmir and maximum population of the region is Buddhist and this place is worth to visit. Many tourist come to this place every year specially those who love the adventure.
cold desert of jammu and kashmir

Gulmarg
It is famous for its postcard beauty and it’s proximity to the capital city Srinagar. In winter this placed is covered by snow and many tourist come to this place to enjoy snow and winter sports.


jammu and kashmir pride



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